ACCORDING to the World Health Organization, cardiovascular diseases are a group of diseases that affect the heart and blood vessels. Currently the leading cause of deaths worldwide, heart attacks and stroke are the most common manifestations of cardiovascular diseases and are themselves the result of blocked vessels that restrict blood flow to the heart and brain.

But who would have thought that heart disease could be linked to oral health?

While it is unlikely that missing one day of brushing will result in the development of a cardiovascular disease, research has shown that the bacteria found in periodontal disease (gum disease) are also found in the fatty plaques that line the arterial walls. It is suggested that the causative bacteria for gum disease can enter the bloodstream, where they attach to the fatty deposits in the hearts blood vessels and increase the risk of a heart attack, stroke or peripheral vascular disease.

Furthermore, some of the bacteria release toxins that damage vessel walls and make blood clot far too easily.

Heart disease and oral care

For people who suffer from one or more cardiovascular diseases, invasive dental procedures (deep cleanings, fillings, extractions, root canal therapy) can make them more susceptible to a recurrent episode. It is for this reason that these patients are pre-medicated with antibiotics to prevent them from developing infective endocarditis (inflammation of the inner lining of the heart).

People who have had a stroke or a heart attack within six months should only receive emergency dental care, as the risk of recurrence is extremely high. These patients are also required to take medicine that increases their risk of bleeding during dental procedures, and also affects their salivary flow.

Mouth as a signpost

Many diseases, while in their infancy stage, first display symptoms in the mouth; for heart disease this is usually engorged blood vessels. Combined with the symptoms of periodontal disease, their vital signs, diet, lifestyle, an individual’s risk for cardiovascular disease can be evaluated before they suffer a heart attack or stroke.

It is important to take a holistic approach to health. Drinking enough water, getting enough rest, maintaining a balanced diet, exercising regularly, avoiding destructive habits such as drinking alcohol and smoking must not be without establishing and maintaining a healthy mouth.

A healthy mouth and a healthy heart is bound to make for a happier, healthier you.

Dr Sharon Robinson DDS has offices at the Dental Place Cosmetix Spa located at Shop #5, Winchester Business Centre, 15 Hope Road, Kingston 10. She is an adjunct lecturer at the University of Technology, Jamaica School of Oral Health Sciences. Dr Robinson may be contacted at 630-4710.